{"owner": "ArrayExpress Uploader", "pop_total": 0, "id": 9345, "factors": [{"GSE5996GSM139268": {}}, {"GSE5996GSM139268": {}}, {"GSE5996GSM139268": {}}, {"GSE5996GSM139268": {}}, {"GSE5996GSM139268": {}}, {"GSE5996GSM139268": {}}], "ownerprofile_id": "arrayexpress_sid", "platform": 11, "summary_wrapped": "Neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCMs) were stretched biaxially (112%/24h) or stimulated with phenylephrine (PE, 50 uM), both...", "pubmed_id": 18158353, "geo_gse_id": "E-GEOD-5996", "owner_profile": "/profile/8773/arrayexpressuploader", "factor_count": 0, "sample_count": 6, "tags": ["cytokine", "protein"], "lastmodified": "Feb.09, 2015", "is_default": false, "geo_gds_id": "", "slug": "transcription-profiling-of-rat-neonatal-ventricu-2", "geo_id_plat": "E-GEOD-5996_A-AFFY-43", "name": "Transcription profiling of rat neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCMs) stretched biaxially (112%/24h) or stimulated with phenylephrine (PE, 50 uM", "created": "Jan.09, 2015", "summary": "Neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCMs) were stretched biaxially (112%/24h) or stimulated with phenylephrine (PE, 50 uM), both resulting in a similar degree of hypertrophy. Unstretched NRVCMs served as negative control. Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed 164 genes more than 2.0-fold up- and 21 genes less than 0.5-fold downregulated (p<0.01). Differential expression was confirmed by real-time PCR. Several genes of the \u201cfetal gene program\u201d, i.e. BNP (4.2-fold, all p<0.05) were induced by stretch as well as PE. We also verified the upregulation of known stretch-responsive genes, including HSP70 (20.9x) and c-myc (3.0x). Moreover, we identified genes exclusively induced by stretch, such as the cardioprotective and antihypertrophic cytokine GDF15 (24.8x) and the antihypertrophic factor heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1, 10.8x; both confirmed on protein level). Of note, neither PE nor endothelin-1 were able to upregulate GDF15 and Hmox1, while angiotensin II significantly induced both genes. Conversely, addition of the AT1 receptor blocker irbesartan markedly blunted stretch-mediated GDF15 and Hmox1 induction, suggesting that the angiotensin II receptor mediates stretch-dependent signals.   In conclusion, we report a comprehensive gene expression profile of cardiomyocytes subjected to biomechanical stress in comparison to pharmacologically induced hypertrophy. Our data imply that a stretch-specific gene program exists, that is mediated, at least in part, by angiotensin-II-dependent signalling. Experiment Overall Design: Three conditions were compared with two replicates each. These are: Experiment Overall Design: (1) control, i.e. no treatment; (2) induction by phenylephrine (50 uM); (3) induction by biomechanical stretch (112%/24h)", "source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-5996", "species": "rat", "sample_source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-5996/samples/"}