{"owner": "ArrayExpress Uploader", "pop_total": 0, "species": "human", "factors": [{"GSM781707": {"TREATMENT": "IL28b"}}, {"GSM781707": {"TREATMENT": "IL28b"}}, {"GSM781707": {"TREATMENT": "IL28b"}}, {"GSM781704": {"TREATMENT": "control"}}, {"GSM781704": {"TREATMENT": "control"}}, {"GSM781704": {"TREATMENT": "control"}}, {"GSM78170": {"TREATMENT": "JFHA"}}, {"GSM78170": {"TREATMENT": "JFHA"}}, {"GSM78170": {"TREATMENT": "JFHA"}}, {"GSM781704": {"TREATMENT": "control"}}, {"GSM781704": {"TREATMENT": "control"}}, {"GSM781704": {"TREATMENT": "control"}}], "id": 2320, "ownerprofile_id": "arrayexpress_sid", "platform": 4, "summary_wrapped": "Recent identification of IL28B gene polymorphisms associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance suggests a role for type III...", "geo_gse_id": "E-GEOD-31455", "owner_profile": "/profile/8773/arrayexpressuploader", "factor_count": 1, "sample_count": 12, "tags": ["hepatitis", "hepatitis c", "liver"], "lastmodified": "Dec.12, 2014", "is_default": false, "geo_gds_id": "", "slug": "primary-human-hepatocytes-treated-with-il28b-and-t", "geo_id_plat": "E-GEOD-31455_A-AFFY-44", "name": "Primary human hepatocytes treated with IL28B and the HCV JFH1 Genotype 2A clone.", "created": "Jul.12, 2014", "summary": "Recent identification of IL28B gene polymorphisms associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance suggests a role for type III interferons (IFNs) in hepatitis C infection. The function of type III IFNs in intrinsic antiviral immunity is poorly understood. Here we show that HCV infection of primary human hepatocytes results in a robust induction of type III but not type I IFNs, leading to IFN- stimulated gene (ISG) expression. In addition, HCV infection elicits a much broader range of gene expression alterations in addition to ISG induction. The induction of type III IFNs is mediated by IRF3 and NFkB- dependent pathways. Type III IFN, aside from upregulating ISGs with a different kinetic profile, induces a distinct set of genes from type I IFN, potentially explaining the functional difference between the two types of IFNs. Chimpanzees undergoing experimental HCV infection demonstrated a prompt hepatic induction of IL28, associating with ISG upregulation, but minimal type I IFN induction. Analysis of liver biopsies from HCV-infected patients supported a close correlation among hepatic expression of IL28 and ISGs, but not with type I IFNs.  Our study demonstrates that HCV infection results predominantly in type III IFN induction in the liver and the level of induction correlates with hepatic ISG levels, thus providing a mechanistic explanation for the association between IL28, ISG levels and recovery from HCV infection as well as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of non-responders. Samples were treated with JFHA, and IL28b respectively with three biological replication.", "source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-31455", "sample_source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-31455/samples/"}