ArrayExpress Uploaderarrayexpress_sid3777not specifiedn/adH1F fibroblastnot specifiedn/adH1F fibroblastnot specifiedn/aBJ fibroblastnot specifiedn/aBJ fibroblastnot specifiedn/aMRC5 fibroblastnot specifiedn/aMRC5 fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from BJ fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1F fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1CF fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1CF fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1CF fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1CF fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from MRC5 fibroblastnot specifiedviral derived iPSiPS cells derived from MRC5 fibroblastH1 Human embryonic stem cellsn/anot specifiedH1 Human embryonic stem cellsn/anot specifiedH1 Human OGNES embryonic stem cellsn/anot specifiedH9 Human embryonic stem cellsn/anot specifiedH9 Human embryonic stem cellsn/anot specifiednot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1F fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1F fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1F fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from dH1F fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from BJ fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from BJ fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from BJ fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from CF fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from CF fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from CF fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from MRC5 fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from MRC5 fibroblastnot specifiedRNA derived iPSiPS cells derived from MRC5 fibroblastnot specifiedn/aBJ fibroblastnot specifiedvehicle controlBJ fibroblastnot specifiedmodified-RNA (i.e., synthetic mRNA with GFP)BJ fibroblast04Clinical application of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is limited by low efficiency of iPS derivation, and protocols that...E-GEOD-23583/profile/8773/arrayexpressuploader335celldiseasegenomesomatic cellDec.12, 2014Falsehighly-efficient-reprogramming-to-pluripotency-andE-GEOD-23583_A-AFFY-44Highly efficient reprogramming to pluripotency and directed differentiation using synthetic mRNASep.15, 2014Clinical application of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is limited by low efficiency of iPS derivation, and protocols that permanently modify the genome to effect cellular reprogramming. Moreover, safe and effective means of directing the fate of patient-specific iPS cells towards clinically useful cell types are lacking. Here we describe a simple, non-mutagenic strategy for reprogramming cell fate based on administration of synthetic mRNA modified to overcome innate anti-viral responses. We show that this approach can reprogram multiple human cell types to pluripotency with efficiencies that greatly surpass established protocols. We further show that the same technology can be used to efficiently direct the differentiation of RNA-induced pluripotent stem (RiPS) cells into terminally differentiated myogenic cells. Our method represents a safe, efficient strategy for somatic cell reprogramming and directing cell fates that has broad applicability for basic research, disease modeling and regenerative medicine. We isolated RNA from human RNA derived iPS cells, viral derived iPS cells, different human fibroblasts and human embryonic stem cells for hybridization to the Affymetrix gene expression microarrays.http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-23583humanhttp://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-23583/samples/