{"owner": "ArrayExpress Uploader", "pop_total": 0, "species": "mouse", "factors": [{"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM534245": {"STRAIN": "SAP-/- C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM534245": {"STRAIN": "SAP-/- C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM534245": {"STRAIN": "SAP-/- C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM534245": {"STRAIN": "SAP-/- C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM534245": {"STRAIN": "SAP-/- C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}, {"GSM418234": {"STRAIN": "C57BL6/J Mice"}}], "id": 6048, "ownerprofile_id": "arrayexpress_sid", "platform": 6, "summary_wrapped": "CD4 T cell help is critical for both the generation and maintenance of germinal centers, and T follicular helper (TFH) cells are the CD4...", "geo_gse_id": "E-GEOD-21381", "owner_profile": "/profile/8773/arrayexpressuploader", "factor_count": 1, "sample_count": 17, "tags": ["cell", "surface"], "lastmodified": "Dec.12, 2014", "is_default": false, "geo_gds_id": "", "slug": "germinal-center-t-follicular-helper-cell-il-4-prod", "geo_id_plat": "E-GEOD-21381_A-AFFY-45", "name": "Germinal center T follicular helper cell IL-4 production is dependent on SLAM receptor (CD150)", "created": "Nov.11, 2014", "summary": "CD4 T cell help is critical for both the generation and maintenance of germinal centers, and T follicular helper (TFH) cells are the CD4 T cell subset required for this process. SAP (SH2D1A) expression in CD4 T cells is essential for germinal center development. However, SAP-deficient mice have only a moderate defect in TFH differentiation as defined by common TFH surface markers. CXCR5+ TFH cells are found within the germinal center as well as along the boundary regions of T/B cell zones. Here we show that germinal center associated T cells (GC TFH) can be identified by their co-expression of CXCR5 and the GL7 epitope, allowing for phenotypic and functional analysis of TFH and GC TFH populations. Here we show GC TFH are a functionally discrete subset of further polarized TFH cells, with enhanced B cell help capacity and a specialized ability to produce IL-4 in a TH2-independent manner. Strikingly, SAP-deficient mice have an absence of the GC TFH subset and SAP- TFH are defective in IL-4 and IL-21 production. We further demonstrate that SLAM (Slamf1, CD150), a surface receptor that utilizes SAP signaling, is specifically required for IL-4 production by GC TFH. GC TFH cells require IL-4 and IL-21 production for optimal help to B cells. These data illustrate complexities of SAP-dependent SLAM family receptor signaling, revealing a prominent role for SLAM receptor ligation in IL-4 production by germinal center CD4 T cells but not in TFH and GC TFH differentiation.  This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE21379: Expression Data from WT and Sh2d1a-/- in vivo follicular helper CD4 T cells (TFH) versus non follicular helper CD4 T cells (non-TFH) GSE21380: Expression Data from in vivo Tfh vs GC Tfh vs non-Tfh Refer to individual Series", "source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-21381", "sample_source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-21381/samples/"}