{"owner": "ArrayExpress Uploader", "ownerprofile_id": "arrayexpress_sid", "id": 3102, "factors": [{"GSE13738GSM345232": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345246": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345250": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345259": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345264": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345266": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345267": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345280": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345281": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345282": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345283": {}}, {"GSE13738GSM345284": {}}], "pop_total": 0, "platform": 4, "summary_wrapped": "There is much evidence that T cells may be activated via mechanisms which act independently of direct TCR ligation. Despite this, the...", "pubmed_id": 19201849, "geo_gse_id": "E-GEOD-13738", "owner_profile": "/profile/8773/arrayexpressuploader", "factor_count": 0, "sample_count": 12, "tags": ["cell"], "lastmodified": "Dec.12, 2014", "is_default": false, "geo_id_plat": "E-GEOD-13738_A-AFFY-44", "slug": "transcription-profiling-of-human-cd4-memory-t-cell", "geo_gds_id": "", "name": "Transcription profiling of human CD4+ memory T cells reveals they are preferential targets for bystander activation and apoptosis", "created": "Sep.11, 2014", "summary": "There is much evidence that T cells may be activated via mechanisms which act independently of direct TCR ligation. Despite this, the question of whether such forms of \u2018bystander\u2019 T cell activation occur during immune responses is hotly debated.  To address some outstanding questions, we set up an in vitro system within which to analyse bystander T cell activation in human T cells, in the absence of the possibility for TCR cross-reactivity. In addition, we have investigated the genetic, phenotypic, and functional characteristics of bystander activated T cells.   Here, we show that bystander T cell activation is, indeed, observed during a specific immune response, and that it occurs preferentially amongst CD4+ memory T cells. Furthermore, bystander activated T cells display a distinct gene expression profile. The mechanism for bystander T cell activation involves soluble factors, and the outcome is an elevated level of apoptosis. This may provide an explanation for the attrition of T cell memory pools of heterologous specificity during immune responses to pathogens such as viruses. Experiment Overall Design: Three conditions tested with 4 biological repilicates in each: Experiment Overall Design:   Resting cells - cells expressing a TCR which does not specifically recognize SEB (V\u03b213.1 T cells) and did not upregulate the activation marker CD25 in response to transwell SEB-stimulated co-culture over a 5 day period. Experiment Overall Design:   Bystander activated cells - cells expressing a TCR which does not specifically recognize SEB (V\u03b213.1 T cells), but which did upregulate the activation marker CD25 in response to transwell SEB-stimulated co-culture over a 5 day period. Experiment Overall Design:   Directly activated cells - cells expressing a TCR which is known to specifically recognize SEB (V\u03b217 T cells), and which did upregulate the activation marker CD25 in response to direct SEB stimulation over a 5 day period.", "source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-13738", "species": "human", "sample_source": "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-GEOD-13738/samples/"}